Thunderstorm

Lightning: 

The updraft of the air in the thundercloud carries small water droplets and ice crystals upward, while denser, milder hail falls. When they collide, the ice crystals are positively charged, and the soft hail is negatively charged. As a result, the top of the cloud is positively charged, while its bottom is negatively charged. 

 

The negatively charged cloud base repels electrons on the ground. Cloud-to-ground lightning is a type of lightning-other lightning is also caused by the difference in electric charge in the cloud.

Thunder: 

Lightning causes the nearby air to rapidly heat and expand, then cool and shrink. This produces a sound shock wave-thunder. 

Lightning temperature: 30,000˚C (air duct temperature through which lightning passes) 

Lightning speed: ~ 343 m / s (travel 1 km in 3s)

Chemistry in lightning:

Ozone is a triple oxygen molecule that can act as a stratospheric protective layer against

ultraviolet rays. It is produced by lightning in nature. When it strikes, lightning

decomposes oxygen molecules in the atmosphere into free radicals, which in turn into

ozone. Ozone has a very strong smell and is often described as similar to chlorine. This

is why you will feel a "clean" smell after a storm.

A flash of lightning ionized air molecules along the way. The blue-violet color of lightning is the result of light emitted by excited nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. 

At the high temperatures generated by lightning, nitrogen, and oxygen combine to form nitrogen oxides. They dissolve in rain and form nitrates, which are important for plant growth.

Reference:

1) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderstorm

2) https://scied.ucar.edu/learning-zone/storms/thunderstorms

3) https://www.britannica.com/science/thunderstorm

4) https://www.earthnetworks.com/thunderstorms-101/

5) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zUNEFefftt8